Essay Sample on Global Education Workshop

Essay Sample on Global Education Workshop Global Education Workshop Dec 19, 2019 in Education Introduction Nowadays, global education has become an important issue. Due to rapid changes, diversity, and interdependence of the world population, global education offers new perspectives in the global international market. New technology allows the world community to interact with each other regardless of boundaries. In todays international environment, more and more people are involved in the international business. To be successful in the modern global environment, students should learn how to behave and think globally. This new knowledge allows citizens of different countries to communicate and interact with each other providing business internationally. Current paper analyzes the specification of global education and its impact on students development. Learning Outcomes of the Workshop In fact, no nation can develop its business independently. The research asserts that it has become a common fact that global education empowers students to understand their roles in the diverse global environment (Spring, 2014). Thus, global education effectively promotes understanding of different cultures, geography, languages, and global perspectives. Students should learn how to succeed in the global market through global education. A new generation should learn how to make their lives more flourishing. Kirkwood-Tucker (2009) assumed that the growth of worldwide educational institutions, networks, and discourses has led to similar national educational agendas, particularly the concept of education as economic investment. Consequently, educational discourses around the world often refer to economic growth, teaching-work related skills, and lifelong learning for work. Currently, the global economy requires a large migration of professionals throughout the world. Learning outcomes of the workshop are determined by knowledge and skills that have been obtained during their study. In order to gain certain outcomes in learning, educators should clearly determine a learning activity of students. Thus, while planning, educators should focus on students behavior that differs from the traditional education process. Furthermore, global education requires identifying what should be learned providing special directions and instructions. Finally, it is necessary to plan what is to be accomplished. Specific Elements of Global Education Global education deals with a specific audience, context, and discipline. Thus, global education should be adapted to the various flows of people that represent a diverse population (Rotberg, 2010). The flow of ideas and practices regardless of nation, race, and ethnicity is of particular importance for education. Admittedly, many nations tended to adapt the Western model of education throughout the history. Nowadays, many global education programs are implemented in many educational establishments. These programs differ from one another in context, disciplines, and audience. .fod-banner { display: table; width: 100%; height: 100px; background-color: #04b5af; background-image: url('/images/banners/fod-banner-bg-1.png'), url('/images/banners/fod-banner-bg-2.png'); background-position: left center, right center; background-repeat: no-repeat; } .fod-banner .button { min-width: 120px; } .fod-banner-content { height: 100px; display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; color: #ffffff; width: 100%; text-align: center; padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; } .fod-banner-content > span:first-child { font-size: 15px; font-weight: 100; } .fod-banner-content-discount-text { font-size: 16px; } .fod-banner-content-discount-text span { font-size: 18px; color: #ffe98f; font-weight: bold; } .fod-banner-content-image { vertical-align: middle; } .fod-banner img.fod-banner-content-image { width: auto; } @media all and (min-width: 993px) and (max-width: 1320px) { .fod-banner { background-image: none; } } @media all and (min-width: 845px) and (max-width: 992px) { .fod-banner-content > span:first-child { font-size: 18px; } .fod-banner-content-discount-text { font-size: 20px; } .fod-banner-content-discount-text span { font-size: 24px; } } @media all and (max-width: 740px) { .fod-banner { background-image: url('/images/banners/fod-banner-bg-2.png'); background-position: right center; background-repeat: no-repeat; } } @media all and (max-width: 670px) { .fod-banner { background-image: none; } .fod-banner-content { padding: 15px 10px; } .fod-banner img, .fod-banner-content-discount-text { display: block; margin: 0 auto; } .fod-banner-content > span:first-child { font-size: 28px; } .fod-banner-content-discount-text { font-size: 20px; } .fod-banner-content-discount-text span { font-size: 24px; } } Limited time offer! Get 15% OFF your first order Order now Planning a workshop for the global education program, teachers should consider the level of confidence, skills, knowledge, and the competence of specific audience. It is also important to determine appropriate theories in accordance with disciplines. For example, students should learn ethical and competent communication. Critical thinking is another important issue in global learning. Critical thinking helps learners to live reasonably and rationally in the new global environment. A comparative approach of global education helps students to integrate into specific disciplines such as geography, history, economics, and political science. Different content requires students to understand similarities and differences among cultures. A Global Education Model for the Workshop A global education model for the workshop may include: Implementation of new global content and strategies Improvement in individual school plans Creation of lessons plans in accordance with the global themes Implementation of new curricular designs Implementation of best practices Brainstorming and decision making Spring (2014) argued that it was rather difficult for teachers to teach about global content issues or global systems. Teachers should cultivate multidisciplinary knowledge in students. Thus, students should learn how the world works, especially from the points of view of diverse people in the world. Teachers attitudes, knowledge, and skills shape their students for effective global citizenship in a troubled, interdependent world. Models and Examples of Global Education Global education requires implementation of models that can guide teachers in their work. Thus, one of these models is the Global Education Initiative model that empowers people to participate effectively in the educational process. This model helps educators to provide systematic planning and analyze partnership initiatives. The Global Education Initiative Model comprises twelve components that are interrelated with each other. Monitoring and evaluation are essential elements of this model. Planning, communication, and implementation of core values and objectives are among this list of the model requirements. For example, the Global Education Initiative model was successfully implemented in India and Egypt in 2005-2006 and reached successful outcomes. The Global Education Model of Schooling serves to receive best outcomes from learning. The goal of this model is to develop love for all peers regardless of their race, ethnicity, and religion. Rotberg (2010) noticed that this model requires teaching children how to think globally, and respect and understand others. For example, todays school environment consists of diverse groups of children who should learn how to communicate with each other and create friendly relationship. Global Education Model of Schooling tends to eliminate discrimination in educational facilities. For example, teachers and other educators create diverse groups of children that can interact with each other through different activities. This model facilitates the development of proper communication skills, respect to students with diverse background, emotional stability, and other positive traits. The Technology Acceptance Model is a model that organizes the work of students using new technology. Students learn how to use and share online information. Users create a new relationship due to the Technology Acceptance Model. Practically, students in developed countries have easy access to the Internet and are experienced in new technology. However, many people from underdeveloped countries have difficulties with using new technology in their studies. For example, children in India or other poor countries are often illiterate. Conclusion Global education is an important issue in the modern world. It offers new perspectives in the global international market. Global education empowers students all over the world to be a part of the globalized world without borders and boundaries. Every educational institution should develop a global education model for the workshop.

Rape Culture Essay - 1198 Words

Rape culture is prevalent on all college campuses, and many fail to realize this and what rape culture is. It is in the party scene, athletics, in dorm rooms, and everywhere else around campus. It is the acceptance of sexual jokes, saying â€Å"she was asking for it because of what she was wearing,† not taking sexual assault seriously, and so much more. Rape Culture is an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popular culture. Rape culture is perpetuated through the use of misogynistic language, the objectification of women’s bodies, and the glamorization of sexual violence, thereby creating a society that disregards women’s rights and safety (Rape†¦show more content†¦The Title IX websites states that â€Å"making sexual innuendos, calling people sexually charged names, spreading rumors about sexual activity, or touching someone inappropriately used to be dismissed as boys will be boys type of behavior at best, and rude or crude at worst† (Sexual Harassment). Now with Title IX, people are held responsible for their actions and sexual harassment and assault is starting to be dealt with properly. All faculty and students are required to take Title IX’s sexual harassment module, which deals with sexual identity, date rape, sexual assault, and other things. Title IX’s focus on sexual harassment is a step towards ending rape culture on college campuses. But many people believe that some colleges are discriminating against the accused male in sexual assault cases, meaning those colleges are breaking Title IX. Even Betsy DeVos, the current Secretary of Education, states that those who are accused, under Title IX deserve a just trial (Young 27). Title IX is a law against sex discrimination and does not deny the rights of the accused in a sexual assault trial or any trial. If anything, the â€Å"Title IX and the Obama Administration’s Dear Colleague Letter provide accused students more protections than arguably any other federal law—including the U.S. Constitution† (Title IX). Just because the accused male does not like the outcome of the case doesn’t mean it is discrimination by the college.Show MoreRelatedRape Culture Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesused when somebody is accused of rape. Rape culture affects many people, including both women and men. Rape culture is a problem and it makes it difficult for somebody to speak out about a non- consensual sexual incident. Non- consensual sexual intercourse is rape. Sexual assault is violence, not sex. Many have spoken about their experiences with rape and rape culture. Rape culture is a culture defined as a society that normalizes rape and sexual assault. Rape culture causes many men and women to feelRead More Rape Culture Essay1625 Words   |  7 PagesRape Culture Many of the attitudes, beliefs, and mistaken ideas about rape have been with us for centuries. By looking at myths, such as â€Å"women ask for it,† and â€Å"it would do some women good to get raped,† from a historical perspective, lead us for better understanding how they evolved. Women are still seen as the property of men, are protected as such. Men and women are still taught to occupy very different roles in today’s world. Men are usually more aggressive, and women are seen as passiveRead MoreRape Culture Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic that I have chosen to discuss in this paper is the â€Å"rape culture† that occurs on college campuses throughout the United States; and the rationale society uses to normalize this egregious act. Rape culture refers to society’s existing idea that rape or sexual assault is inconsequential and only happens to individuals who behave a certain way. 1 in 5 women have experienced some kind of sexual assault throughout their college career, and most of them know who their assailants are; howeverRead MoreRape Culture Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pages For centuries, rape culture has not been clearly defined by ideas, beliefs, or attitudes. As a pretty controversial subject, there is no correct definition for the term â€Å"rape culture†. It is generally defined by the way a person perceives rape, and for that reason, there are many beliefs towards rape. Rape is generally unlawful and unwanted sexual intercourse between any person. In this shocking world today, most perpetrators of sexual assaults are caused by heterosexual men, and for the most partRead MoreRape Culture Essay2011 Words   |  9 PagesRape culture Many of the attitudes, beliefs, and mistaken ideas about rape have been with us for centuries. By looking at myths, such as women ask for it, and women secretly enjoy rape, from a historical perspective, lead us for better understanding how they evolved. Women are still seen as the property of men, are protected as such. Men and women are still taught to occupy very different roles in todays world. Men are usually in power positions, and women are seen as passive. This socializationRead MoreRape Culture Controversy Essay896 Words   |  4 Pagesback of my mind for quite some time: rape culture. This issue is vastly popular in the world of bloggers and social networking site, tumblr. It’s slowly progressing into an important issue that the public is acknowledging. Reviewing the issue’s historical, social, political, cultural and economic perspectives will entail rape culture’s controversy. Rape culture is an issue that has gained moment through the feminist movement within the last couple of decades. Rape itself has been around since the beginningRead MoreRape Culture in the Media Essay750 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Rape Culture is an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popular culture† (1a) Today you cant turn the television on without hearing references to rape culture. Jokes about sexual abuse plague every sitcom and news channels question rape victim’s every move. Even entire shows are dedicated to the topic such as Law and Order SVU. The media trivializes rape leading to a rape culture in America. Despite rape cultureRead MoreEssay about Rape Culture: Are Women Asking for It?1698 Words   |  7 PagesSmith’s Encycolpedia of Rape defines the term â€Å"rape culture† as â€Å"one in which rape and other sexual violence against women . . . [is] both prevalent and considered the norm† (174). Rape is not a new subject in today’s society, its origins reaching far back into history. What causes rape, though? Is it the primal drive of men to exhibit dominance over all women, or do the women share the blame because of the way they dress, act, or do their makeup? Modern American culture would place the blame onRead MoreTo Stop the Rape Culture Essay examples852 Words   |  4 Pagesdressed like that,† or â€Å"she was drunk and asking for it,† when you hear the unfortunate story of another girl being the victim of sexual assault or rape. It is likewise as common for these crimes to go unreported, due to the victims feeling they will not be beli eved, or become subject to further shame and humiliation. This is because of the idea of â€Å"rape culture,† a term coined in the 1970’s during the second wave of feminism. It suggests that the reason that these actions and concepts are so commonplaceRead MoreRape Culture: Attitudes and Assessments Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesRape, it seems to be an uncomfortable word for most people to hear or talk about. Whether it’s just embarrassing or a sore subject most people just don’t like to talk about it. There is a certain stigma that surrounds rape and that is the main source of the problem. There is rape culture in this country that leads men and women in this country to believe that in certain situations rape is okay. Whether she was â€Å"dressed like she was asking for it† or was passed out drunk, these are not excuses for

The Education Of Higher Education - 1075 Words

Institutions of higher learning compete amongst each other, enabling them to focus on subjects that do not pertain to education. The education system has become more of a business organization, making learning their second priority and further shifting their focus from the quality of education and students to the quantity of students and the popularity of their institution. The economy of the country has also had a big impact on shaping universities operating systems. American modern economy is based on knowledge, thus there is an increasing high demand for higher education. Higher education has become a market system, and universities have to change their traditional structure in order to become a valuable competitor; although education is in demand, the supply of quality in education is decreasing. Competition among traditional universities and the increase of for-profit schools have diminished the value of higher education. Educational instiutions are evolving into businesses an d primarily focusing on the profit aspect.Education is a very valuable business, it creates a lot of free cash flow and there is a high rate of educational needs that continue to grow. In the essay†The Sandbox Experiment† , by Peter Sacks, the author makes an argument that professors are placed in situations where they are forced to moderate their course material in order to please their students(Sacks 1-2). Sacks conducts the â€Å"Sandbox experiment† which demonstrated how professors change theirShow MoreRelatedThe Education Of Higher Education Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesclasses, I have begun to understand that the foundation of higher education in the United States has a tumultuous past, however, is also an example of how enough desire for progress and pressure from external sources fosters change. From our readings in A History of American Higher Education by John R. Thelin we have discussed the progress and design of American Higher Education from the ea rly 1600’s on. In our second text, American Higher Education in the Twenty-First Century: Social, Political, and EconomicRead MoreHigher Education : Education And Education Essay1238 Words   |  5 PagesHigher education comprises all post-secondary education, training and research guidance at education institutions such as universities that are authorized as institutions of higher education by state authorities1. it comprises the entire activities a given country deem to be higher education not only those which take place within universities and graduate schools but short term education and training course that are 2-3 years in the length and even correspondence course that makes use of informationRead MoreThe Education Of Higher Education1605 Words   |  7 PagesThe idea of Higher Education is a crucial thread in the fabric of this nation, woven through our culture, beliefs and politics. The best of American Higher Education outstrips any others in the world and the output of American Institutions is unparalleled. To stay competitive and expand the current education horizon, different types of institutions, evolve and prioritize differently to ensure the best education quality to targeted students. However, today Higher Education is facing more challengesRead MoreHighe r Education Costs And Education983 Words   |  4 Pages Higher Education Costs Education, there should be no class distinction. Education should be provided to all, irrespective of their economic, social or religious backgrounds. Education is defined as gaining knowledge which is funded by the government or charity organizations for awareness, charity, religious, or any other motives. It’s like an investment which helps to build the economy in the long run rather than a way of getting short-term inceptives from students.Read MoreHigher Education And High Education957 Words   |  4 PagesHigher education has evolved to become one of the principal means in educating individuals in specific areas of study such as engineering, management, or the sciences. Universities and colleges are the places where people go seeking for higher education. It is the reason why the world is where it is today. Almost all of the inventions that make our life easier today are the outcome of education. Some students will do whatever they can to make sure they end up in one of these places. Higher educationRead MoreThe Education System Of Higher Education1096 Words   |  5 Pagesthey desire. They’re told that dreams can become reality. However, the structure of higher education facilities doesn t support a child’s dreams. The dreams of many, not just children, are halted by the current education system of society. People dream of becoming doctors, lawyers, and engineers. Regardless of their ambition, they’ll never be able to accomplish their goals without paying a lot of money. Higher education costs a substantial amount of money across the globe. Additionally, not everyoneRead MoreHigh Education And Higher Education1771 Words   |  8 PagesImagine a world with no college debt, a higher education equally available to all young people, and no college price barriers. These were the main goals of President Truman in his 1974 commission on Higher Education. Now, let us fast-forward forty years and take a look at the higher education system, which suffered an increase of one hundred and ten percent. â€Å"Eighty-five percent of college graduates are forced to move back home with their parents due to college debt, forty-two with debt currentlyRead MoreHigher Education And High Education Essay2583 Words   |  11 PagesOver the last several decades, higher education has gone through an unprecedented growth period, and as a result, the average university has more students and a larger output now than ever before (Amaral, Jones, and Karseth, 2013). Higher education is a privilege that I value immensely. Having gone through my fair share of ups and downs when it comes to earning my Bachelor’s degree, I have come to appreciate the difficult and sometimes the seemingly never ending road of obtaining a college degreeRead MoreHigh Education And Higher Education Essay2095 Words   |  9 PagesEducation, specifically higher education, allows individuals in society to progress and move forward in societa l stratifications. To specify, higher education is considered one of the main facets of exhibiting a high socioeconomic status. Therefore, to achieve a certain level in higher education is to progress in society as one of the elites. Although many perceive college and higher education solely through the lens of societal progression, these same people do not take in consideration the facetsRead MoreThe Higher Price of Higher Education2181 Words   |  9 PagesThe High Price of Higher Education In Americas society today, students are expected to follow the path of day care, grade school, middle school, high school and hopefully college. Growing up in America today, the importance of education is stressed starting at the earliest stages of development. In a world with a competitive job market and with citizens who want to make the most money that they can, a college education is key in success. For some students, financing college is not a problem

Dover Lights Free Essays

Dover Lights Introduction 1) Have you ever been sitting at home bored looking for something to do? Have you ever wanted to see some paranormal activity that is close to home? 2) Good Morning my name is Micah Thomas 3) Some of you may know the place a) Dover Lights b) I will tell you about i) The history ii) About the spot iii) Encounters 4) I have even had a couple of personal experiences Body 1. History 1) Spanish Conquistadors buried gold in the Ozarks during the war a) The story behind the lights are the Conquistadors searching for the gold and silver they lost b) Conquistadors are thought to have littered the Ozarks in search of the treasures c) Written reports in the 1800’s of settlers finding deposits of silver d) Homesteaders found large deposits of silver seam ) Dover lights are something that has been around since the early 1800’s e) There are written documents from the 1800’s from settlers f) However most locals say the first real reports were in 1930 i) The Works Projects Administration scoured the hill country for stories ii) Civilian Conservation Corps built the rock wall at the overlook where the lights are most often viewed g) In the 1990’s MysteriousReality. Com posted the first film footage ever of the lights iii) Lights moving around bluffs and above the creek h) Around 2000 a camper called in emergency crews because he thought a vehicle had driven off one of the bluffs that rim the valley i) In March 2004 Ted Phillips of the Branson, Missouri from the Center for Physical Trace Evidence photographed what he described as intense and odd-colored lights ) In April 2009, a paranormal group filmed the lights iv) At the time of the filming the water levels were at record levels ruling out and human contamination 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Dover Lights or any similar topic only for you Order Now About the spot 1) Located about 17 miles outside of Dover Arkansas heading north on highway 7 a) Down a lonely stretch of dirt road b) Overlooking Big Piney Creek c) CCC overlooking the valley and creek d) No electricity e) No man made light f) National Forest 2) Things to do g) Camping h) Canoeing i) Hiking j) Beautiful Overlook k) Popular party/drinking spot 3. Encounters 1) ‘’Lantern floating in the air† is what most people describe the light as a) The lights are the Spaniards lanterns they are using to search for the silver and gold i) If you yell out â€Å"we have your treasure† they will sometimes come out and chase up the hill side toward you b) 3 lights all three different colors ii) Red light seen most often iii) Blue light iv) White light 2) Professional sightings c) Have been on several different TV shows v) Discovery’s ghost hunters vi) Arkansas ghost and urban legends ii) Forgotten USA d) All have reported about the same thing viii) 3 lights floating/dancing/racing across the canyon ix) Some have done day time explorations and say the valley is to dense and steep for some human to be doing it e) Some professional and scientist say that it could be gas being let off x) Used to mine sulfur out of the valley years ago xi) Some say the gas could make the glowing 3) Personal sightings f) I have been to the lights about 30 times xii) Seen them about 10 times g) Seen all three lights 5 times ) Seen just the red twice and seen just the white twice i) Been legitimately scared about 30 times Conclusion 1) You now know the a) History of the lights b) Where they are located c) And what some encounters are 2) No one has solid evidence on what this phenomenon really is d) But it is fun to go out and watch i) Weather you believe in ghost ii) Just want to go hang out and get away from town iii) Its always a fun and exciting adventure e) And if you are feeling really brave go up to the edge and yell â€Å"we have your treasure† but get ready to â€Å"run like a little girlâ €  How to cite Dover Lights, Papers

Salmon Essays - Salmon, Oncorhynchus, Thamnophis, Ichthyology

Salmon What species would travel over 2000 miles just to have young and then die? It has been said that anyone who has not seen a wild salmon has not seen what a fish should be. Salmon was the common name applied to fish characterized by an elongated body covered with small, rounded scales and a fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and tail. In this paper I will be discussing history of studying salmon, the life cycle, spawning and mating behaviors; which has much to do with the total reproduction of salmon. Salmon were studied earlier than some may think. Experiments were done by men that date back to the mid-1600s. These experiments involved catching salmon in fresh water, tagging them, and then catching them again when they return to the same place, around six months later. These experiments were doubtful and it was not until the beginning of the 1900's that proof was available that the salmon returned home. (Shearer) Although usually drab in color before the breeding season, which varies with the species, members of the salmon family develop bright hues at spawning time. The male, during this mating season, usually develops a hooked snout and a humped back. "In many diverse taxa, males of the same species often exhibit multiple mating strategies. One well-documented alternative male reproductive pattern is 'female mimicry,' whereby males assume a female-like morphology or mimic female behavior patterns. In some species males mimic both female morphology and behavior. We report here female mimicry in a reptile, the red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). This form of mimicry is unique in that it is expressed as a physiological feminization. Courting male red-sided garter snakes detect a female-specific pheromone and normally avoid courting other males. However, a small proportion of males release a pheromone that attracts other males, as though they were females. In the field, mating aggregations of 5-17 males were observed formed around these individual attractive males, which we have termed 'she-males.' In competitive mating trials, she-males mated with females significantly more often than did normal males, demonstrating not only reproductive competence but also a possible selective advantage to males with this female-like pheromone." In the competitive mating trials, the she-males were successful in 29 out of 42 trials. The normal males won out in only 13! The authors ask the question: Why aren't all males she-males given such an advantage? (Mason, Robert T., and Crews, David; "Female Mimicry in Garter Snakes," Nature, 316:59, 1985.) Comment. Among the fishes, bluegills and salmon (and probably many others) have female-appearing males competing with normal males. Abstract: The influence of sperm competition and individual mating behaviour in an externally fertilizing species of fish, the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), is estimated from video observations of multiple-male spawnings and subsequent paternity analyses. One male dominated the paternity during polygamous spawnings, fathering more than 80% of the progeny in a single nest. Behavioural analyses of the spawnings showed that the first-mating male had sperm precedence in 6 out of 10 cases. In three of the other spawnings, sperm limitation likely influenced individual success, as the first-mating male had participated in a large number of spawnings. In the final, nearly simultaneous spawning, male size was more important than the 0.6-s difference in spawning times. Thus, male fertilization success can be influenced by a variety of factors, including sperm precedence, male size, and spawning history. Back to Table of Contents Before mating, one parent excavates a nest for the eggs; after the eggs are deposited and fertilized, the female stirs up the stream bottom so that earth and stones cover the eggs and protect them. The eggs hatch in two weeks to six months, depending on the species and the water temperature. During the migrations and nest-building activity that precede mating, neither the females nor the males consume food. In the life cycle of the pacific salmon, nature recycles the parents to feed the babies. Mature salmon leave the Pacific Ocean as saltwater fish, never again to eat as they battle their way up the Columbia River to spawn in the home stream where they were born. Those born in the upper reaches of the Columbia River's tributary stream, the Snake River, travel more than 1,000 miles inland to lay their eggs and fertilize them, roughly one fourth of the distance across the United States. Without enough reserves in their bodies to get back to the Pacific, the adult salmon spawn and die. To spawn, a female salmon scoops a nest in stream-bottom gravel by waving her tail and deposits her eggs in Salmon Essays - Salmon, Oncorhynchus, Thamnophis, Ichthyology Salmon What species would travel over 2000 miles just to have young and then die? It has been said that anyone who has not seen a wild salmon has not seen what a fish should be. Salmon was the common name applied to fish characterized by an elongated body covered with small, rounded scales and a fleshy fin between the dorsal fin and tail. In this paper I will be discussing history of studying salmon, the life cycle, spawning and mating behaviors; which has much to do with the total reproduction of salmon. Salmon were studied earlier than some may think. Experiments were done by men that date back to the mid-1600s. These experiments involved catching salmon in fresh water, tagging them, and then catching them again when they return to the same place, around six months later. These experiments were doubtful and it was not until the beginning of the 1900's that proof was available that the salmon returned home. (Shearer) Although usually drab in color before the breeding season, which varies with the species, members of the salmon family develop bright hues at spawning time. The male, during this mating season, usually develops a hooked snout and a humped back. "In many diverse taxa, males of the same species often exhibit multiple mating strategies. One well-documented alternative male reproductive pattern is 'female mimicry,' whereby males assume a female-like morphology or mimic female behavior patterns. In some species males mimic both female morphology and behavior. We report here female mimicry in a reptile, the red-sided garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). This form of mimicry is unique in that it is expressed as a physiological feminization. Courting male red-sided garter snakes detect a female-specific pheromone and normally avoid courting other males. However, a small proportion of males release a pheromone that attracts other males, as though they were females. In the field, mating aggregations of 5-17 males were observed formed around these individual attractive males, which we have termed 'she-males.' In competitive mating trials, she-males mated with females significantly more often than did normal males, demonstrating not only reproductive competence but also a possible selective advantage to males with this female-like pheromone." In the competitive mating trials, the she-males were successful in 29 out of 42 trials. The normal males won out in only 13! The authors ask the question: Why aren't all males she-males given such an advantage? (Mason, Robert T., and Crews, David; "Female Mimicry in Garter Snakes," Nature, 316:59, 1985.) Comment. Among the fishes, bluegills and salmon (and probably many others) have female-appearing males competing with normal males. Abstract: The influence of sperm competition and individual mating behaviour in an externally fertilizing species of fish, the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), is estimated from video observations of multiple-male spawnings and subsequent paternity analyses. One male dominated the paternity during polygamous spawnings, fathering more than 80% of the progeny in a single nest. Behavioural analyses of the spawnings showed that the first-mating male had sperm precedence in 6 out of 10 cases. In three of the other spawnings, sperm limitation likely influenced individual success, as the first-mating male had participated in a large number of spawnings. In the final, nearly simultaneous spawning, male size was more important than the 0.6-s difference in spawning times. Thus, male fertilization success can be influenced by a variety of factors, including sperm precedence, male size, and spawning history. Back to Table of Contents Before mating, one parent excavates a nest for the eggs; after the eggs are deposited and fertilized, the female stirs up the stream bottom so that earth and stones cover the eggs and protect them. The eggs hatch in two weeks to six months, depending on the species and the water temperature. During the migrations and nest-building activity that precede mating, neither the females nor the males consume food. In the life cycle of the pacific salmon, nature recycles the parents to feed the babies. Mature salmon leave the Pacific Ocean as saltwater fish, never again to eat as they battle their way up the Columbia River to spawn in the home stream where they were born. Those born in the upper reaches of the Columbia River's tributary stream, the Snake River, travel more than 1,000 miles inland to lay their eggs and fertilize them, roughly one fourth of the distance across the United States. Without enough reserves in their bodies to get back to the Pacific, the adult salmon spawn and die. To spawn, a female salmon scoops a nest in stream-bottom gravel by waving her tail and deposits her eggs in

La Secuencialidad Del Desarrollo Cognitivo Espontáneo

La Secuencialidad Del Desarrollo Cognitivo Espontneo Free Online Research Papers La Secuencialidad Del Desarrollo Cognitivo Espontneo â€Å"El desarrollo del nià ±o es un proceso temporal por excelencia†, he querido resaltar esta frase de Piaget porque me parece un tema central dentro de su teorà ­a. En el texto que nos ataà ±e el autor en un principio resalta dos puntos clave como son el papel necesario del tiempo en el ciclo vital, y otro que viene a decir algo asà ­ como que si la civilizacià ³n modifica el ritmo biolà ³gico fundamental, y en quà © medida lo hace. Para tratar estos puntos Piaget se centrar en el desarrollo psicolà ³gico, y ms concretamente en el desarrollo propiamente intelectual o cognoscitivo. Destaca a continuacià ³n dos aspectos en el desarrollo intelectual del nià ±o, como son el aspecto psicosocial (todo lo que el nià ±o recibe desde fuera) y un aspecto al que le podemos llamar espontneo (el desarrollo de la inteligencia propiamente dicha; lo que el nià ±o aprende o piensa, no es aprendido y que es descubierto por à ©l mismo). Para ello recurre a dos ejemplos donde vemos como leyes que para nosotros pueden resultar ms que obvias, vemos como en nià ±os que no han alcanzado un determinado estadio evolutivo, no es asà ­; como es el caso de el todo supera a la parte, y el ejemplo de las varillas donde se pone en juego la transitividad. â€Å"†¦ para construir un nuevo instrumento là ³gico son necesarios siempre instrumentos là ³gicos preexistentes, es decir, que la construccià ³n de una nueva nocià ³n supondr siempre sustratos, subestructuras anteriores, y por consiguiente, regresiones indefinidas†¦Ã¢â‚¬  , lo podrà ­amos resumir en la siguiente frase: â€Å"siempre se aprende en base a nuestro conocimiento previo†; sà ³lo con leer la frase que aparece en el texto, nos podemos hacer una idea del corte constructivista que presenta Piaget; desde esta à ³ptica el fallo se encontrarà ­a en el planteamiento del problema, y no tanto en el desarrollo. Piaget nos habla en la teorà ­a de los estadios del desarrollo (4 en particular: sensorio-motor, representacià ³n preoperatorio, operaciones concretas, y proposicionales o formales) de escalones sucesivos, por estadios y por etapas, caracterizados por un orden fijo de sucesià ³n (no habla de fechas concretas para los estadios, sino de un orden d e sucesià ³n que ha de mantenerse constante). Como decà ­a en el anterior prrafo para mi, el problema se presenta en el planteamiento de la teorà ­a. Piaget donde nos habla de estructuras generales de conocimiento que son construidas mediante una maduracià ³n donde incluimos una experiencia fà ­sica y social; sin embargo otros enfoques constructivistas alternativos al piagetiano nos hablan de estructuras especà ­ficas de conocimiento, esto es, alguià ©n puede resultar ser un experto en matemticas y puede ser un negado en Historia; pero esto no quiere decir que no se haya pasado de un perà ­odo a otro, ya que para Piaget debemos superar un determinado estadio para poder hablar de un determinado conocimiento. Desde esta perspectiva no hablamos tanto de sucesià ³n de estadios como de amplitud de conocimiento. Los estudios entre novatos y expertos nos revelan gran aporte de argumentos a todo esto; si aà ºn asà ­ no estamos del todo satisfechos con estos argumentos  ¿cà ³mo explicarà ­amos la clsica partida de ajedrez entre un nià ±o de 8 aà ±os, experto en el juego, contra un joven de 21 aà ±os, novato en el campo, el cual termina por rendirse ante el dominio del pequeà ±o?.Anteriormente hablbamos de una experiencia que se da en el nià ±o debido a una experiencia fà ­sica y social, a esto podemos hacer la siguiente crà ­tica: si para pasar de un estadio a otro necesitamos de esas experiencia,  ¿tenemos todos las mismas experiencias?  ¿cules determinan el paso de un estadio a otro?. Por à ºltimo no todos son crà ­ticas para este genial bià ³logo reconvertido a psicà ³logo, ya que su teorà ­a de equilibracià ³n entre asimilacià ³n de conocimiento y acomodacià ³n del que ya tenemos, sigue vigente hoy en dà ­a. Si antes hablbamos de secuencialidad del desarrollo cognitivo espontneo, ahora nos centraremos en la internalizacià ³n de procesos externos (o bien, una reconstruccià ³n interna de una operacià ³n externa). Como ejemplo el autor hace referencia al hecho de seà ±alar con el dedo en el nià ±o pequeà ±o. En un primer momento el movimiento del nià ±o por alcanzar algà ºn objeto queda representado por los movimientos del pequeà ±o, hasta que aparece la madre del nià ±o en esa situacià ³n, y à ©sta cambia totalmente; el hecho de seà ±alar ahora se convierte en un gesto para los dems, el fracasado intento del nià ±o engendra un reaccià ³n en una persona (su madre) no en el objeto que querà ­a alcanzar. De esta manera el significado primario del fracasado movimiento queda establecido por los dems; sà ³lo cuando el nià ±o sea capaz de relacionar, ms tarde, su fallido movimiento de agarrar con la situacià ³n objetiva como un todo, comienza a interpretar dicho movimiento como acto de seà ±alar. Es aquà ­ donde se da la transformacià ³n de un movimiento orientado a uno dirigido a otra persona, como consecuencia de este cambio, el movimiento queda simplificado y lo à ºnico que re sulta es la forma de seà ±alar que se denomina gesto. Como dice el autor a todo esto: â€Å"Se convierte en un verdadero gesto sà ³lo despuà ©s de manifestar objetivamente todas las funciones de seà ±alar para otros y de ser comprendido por los dems como tal. Su significado y funciones se crean, al principio, por una situacià ³n objetiva y luego por la gente que rodea al nià ±o†. De lo anterior deduce una serie de transformaciones en el proceso de internalizacià ³n: a) una operacià ³n que inicialmente representa una actividad externa se reconstruye y comienza a suceder internamente b) un proceso interpersonal queda transformado en otro intrapersonal (en el desarrollo cultural del nià ±o, toda funcià ³n aparece dos veces, primero a nivel social y ms tarde a nivel individual; aplicndose igualmente esto a las funciones superiores que se originan como relaciones entre seres humanos) c) la transformacià ³n de un proceso interpersonal en un proceso intrapersonal es el resultado de una prolongada serie de sucesos evolutivos (el proceso, aun siendo transformado, continà ºa existiendo y cambia como una forma externa de actividad durante cierto tiempo antes de internalizarse definitivamente). Al final del texto se nos dice algo bastante interesante y es que precisamente a la internalizacià ³n de las actividades socialmente arraigadas e histà ³ricamente desarrolladas, podemos dar el salto cualitativo de la psicologà ­a animal a la humana (la internalizacià ³n de las formas culturales de conducta implica la reconstruccià ³n de la actividad psicolà ³gica en base a las operaciones con signos). A modo de recapitulacià ³n podemos decir de Vugotski que habla de estructuras especà ­ficas de conocimiento, a diferencia de Piaget, y adems aà ±ade el proceso de internalizacià ³n de procesos externos (desde este punto de vista el aspecto que Piaget denominà ³ espontneo, no tiene mucha razà ³n de ser). Para este autor el conocimiento se forma gracias a la experiencia social, y al contexto en sà ­ mismo, que influye no sà ³lo en la adquisicià ³n del conocimiento sino en la aplicacià ³n del mismo. Research Papers on La Secuencialidad Del Desarrollo Cognitivo EspontneoThree Concepts of PsychodynamicRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UsePETSTEL analysis of IndiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperThe Hockey GameMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesLifes What Ifs

How To Use the Spanish Word No

How To Use the Spanish Word No A simple Spanish word like no can be deceptive. It looks and sounds like its English cognate, no, and has a similar meaning. There are some ways in which the Spanish no is used that will seem unfamiliar to English speakers. Here are some of the most common uses of no: No as a Simple Answer to a Question This usage is similar in both languages: -  ¿Ests feliz? - No. (Are you happy?  ¶ No.)-  ¿Es estudiante de la sicologà ­a? - No, es estudiante del arte. (Is he a psychology student?  ¶ No, hes an art student.)-  ¿Hay muchas personas en tu paà ­s que hablan inglà ©s? - No, pero hay muchas que hablan portuguà ©s. (Are there many people in your country who speak English?  ¶ No, but there are many who speak Portuguese.)-  ¿Te gustarà ­a un cafà ©? - No, pero me gustarà ­a un tà ©. (Would you like a coffee?  ¶No, but I would like a tea.) Using No as a Question Tag No is very commonly attached to the end of a statement to turn it into a question, either rhetorically or seeking confirmation from the listener that the statement is true. It is usually the equivalent of isnt that so? or something similar. No in such situations is often called a question tag or tag question. Estudias mucho,  ¿no? (You study a lot, dont you?)Su esposa es inteligente,  ¿no? (His wife is intelligent, isnt she?)Voy contigo,  ¿no? (Im going with you, arent I?)El vuelo sale a los dos y media,  ¿no? (The flight leaves at 2:30, doesnt it?) Using No To Negate a Verb In English, this is usually done using a negative auxiliary verb such as dont, wont or didnt. Él no comprende el libro. (He doesnt understand the book.) ¿Por quà © no estudiabas? (Why didnt you study?)La presidente no es una mujer de grandes principios ni convicciones. (The president isnt a woman of great principles nor convictions.)No fuimos ayer a mi casa. (We didnt go to my house yesterday.) Using No as Part of a Double Negative As a general rule, if a Spanish verb is followed by a negative, it must also be preceded by no or another negative. When translated to English, such sentences use only one negative word. As shown in the second translations below, this may result in an indirect translation of no. No conoce a nadie. (He doesnt know anyone. He knows nobody.)No fui a ninguna parte. (I didnt go anywhere. I went nowhere.)Ahora mismo no estoy concentrado en escribir ningà ºn libro. (Right now Im not focused on writing any book. Right now Im focused not on writing any book.)No quiero que nunca me olvides. (I dont want you to ever forget me. I want you to never forget me.) Using No as the Equivalent of Non- Before Some Nouns and Adjectives Many words use prefixes as a way of making them into the opposite; for example, the opposite of prudente (careful) is imprudente (careless). But some words are preceded by no instead. Creo en la no violencia. (I believe in nonviolence.)Humo pasivo puede matar a los no fumadores. (Secondhand smoke can kill nonsmokers.)El pà ³lipo es no maligno. (The polyp is nonmalignant.)No existe la palabra para definir a la mujer que no es madre. Pero sà ­ que existen las no madres. (There isnt a word that defines the woman who isnt a mother. But indeed non-mothers exist.)Soy un no ciudadano. (I am a noncitizen.) Using No as the Equivalent of Not Typically, no when used the way English uses not immediately precedes the word or phrase it negates.  ¡No en nuestro nombre! (Not in our name!)El matrimonio con ella fue fugaz y no feliz. (His marriage with her was brief and not happy.)Pueden hacer el mismo, pero no rpidamente. (They can do the same thing, but not quickly.)Tiene la inteligencia de no pedir lo que no le van a dar. (She has the intelligence to not ask for what theyre not going to give her.) Using No as a Noun As can the English no, the Spanish no can be used as noun, although the Spanish word is a bit more flexibly used. El paà ­s ha dicho un no rotundo a la guerra. (The country has said a definite no to the war.)Hay una diferencia profunda entre el sà ­ y el no. (Theres a huge difference between yes and no.)Con este referà ©ndum le dieron un gran no al primer ministro. (With this referendum they gave a huge no to the prime minister.) ¿Aceptarà ­as un no dà ©bil? (Would you accept a tentative no?)