Business Ethics Essay - 1781 Words

Outline : A) General overview. B) Utilitarian theory. C) Kant theory. C) Rawls theory. D) Conclusion. Foreword: This research paper discusses theories in business ethics. It also considers three cases that illustrate ethics principles violation. Thesis: Nowadays in the era of economic relations and international trade business ethics plays a very important role. Nowadays in the era of economic relations and international trade business ethics plays a very important role. It is of vital importance at any level of activity: corporate, state or international. Questions of corporate social responsibility and business ethics are engaging business more and more - both domestically and internationally (Sims 2006). This†¦show more content†¦This theory is well presented in the works of M.Valaskes, J. Rawls, L. Nash. This concept is believed to be the most influential and pervasive in the business sphere. Any action that leads to the large useful effect is considered fair. In the common sense, the utilitarian principle is formulated in the following way: any action is rightful from ethical point of view if the total useful impact exceeds the total useful impact of any other action that could be carried out instead of the first one. The point is that all direct and indirect participants gain benefit. But applying this theory one should bare in mind that long-term consequences must be also taken into account. Considering the situation given with capital export, I should point out that this situation on the countries of export and import. If the export country is a rather developed one (such as the USA, the United Kingdom etc.) and the import country belongs to the underdeveloped one, it means that both parts will gain benefit from the situation. The developed country will generate profit locating its production in the area of cheap resources and workforce. In addition, the import country will get additional workplaces. As the result, all participants have benefits in the situation. The capital owner generates benefit, the unemployment rate in the import country reduces and the employees have ability to earn money. However, when the situation is reverse it can cause losses to manyShow MoreRelatedBusiness Ethics : Ethics And Business943 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussions in Business is Ethics. Some people believe that the decisions businesses make in interest of the business has no place in ethics and that they are essentially amoral. These businesses believe that their main objective is to simply make a profit and that it does not affect the success of the business. Whereas some businesses believe that they have to take ethics into consideration, in order for their business to be a success. Richard T. De George (1999) states that ethics and business do notRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 PagesReview Nowadays, the concern for business ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at differentRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1304 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics Varun Shah University of Texas at Dallas Business Ethics Morals are a crucial part of life. Without having principles one would never be able to distinguish the right from wrong and good from evil. Just as it applies to life in general, ethics is an integral part of doing business as well. When we here the term Business Ethics in our work place, we usually do not take it seriously and brush it off saying ‘it’s just a simple set of basic rules like not cheating and so on’. ThisRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesResource A discusses how ethics is crucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger human context. Thirdly, being unethical ca n tarnish the publicRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1064 Words   |  5 Pages　　　　Business Ethics Ethics can be viewed as the rules and values that determine goals and actions people should follow when dealing with other human beings. However, business ethics can be defined as moral principles of a business. It examines moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Generally, it has both normative and descriptive dimensions. Organization practice and career specialization are regarded as normative whereas academics attempting to understand business behaviourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics757 Words   |  4 Pagesdeciding what to do in certain situations, ethics is what guides an individual to act in a way that is good, or right. Those involved in business settings apply ethics to business situations, known as business ethics. It is expected of businesses, small and large, to follow business ethics. There is a particular framework businesses are to follow. However, the reoccurring news headlines of poor business ethics prove differently. Poor busine ss ethics include bribery, corporate accounting scandalsRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthics meaning in simple way for average person is what is right from wrong. According to Chris MacDonald (2010)† Ethics† can be defined as the critical, structured examinations of how we should behave - in particular, how we should constrain the pursuit of self-interest when our actions affect others. â€Å"Business ethics is the applied ethics discipline that address the moral features of commercial activity (Business ethics, 2008).Working in ethical way in business has a lot of benefits which can attractRead MoreBusiness Ethics Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding Business Ethics Unit 37: National Diploma Assignment brief TASK 1: Scenario: Business ethics - a study of a selected company With growing interest among consumers regarding the business ethics of the businesses brands that consumers buy, Westminster council wants to conduct an independent review of some of the organisations that sell their goods and services in the borough. You have been asked to select one of the following brands and conduct research into their business ethics. Read MoreThe Ethics Of The Business Ethics1431 Words   |  6 Pages BUSINESS ETHICS INTRODUCTION:- Presentation Ethics are exceptionally regular and essential good esteem that helps us to take the right choice where we think that it hard to pick between our own advantages and the correct thing to do. We are going to talk about three sections of morals Behavioral morals, Bounded ethicality and last one is irreconcilable situation. As from the names of these parts of morals, its verging on clarifying the significance of it. It clarifies why great individualsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2711 Words   |  11 PagesBusiness Ethics Business ethics is a type of professional ethics or applied ethics which examines moral problems and ethical principles that come up in a corporate environment. It is applied to every aspect of conducting business. According to Milton Friedman, a company has the responsibility to generate as much revenue as it can while still conforming to the basic rules that society has set. These rules include the ones embodied in customs as well as in law. Similarly, Peter Drucker stated that

Human factors and cyber policy - 4873 Words

TA#2 Human Factors and Cyber Policy CSEC 620 April 27,2013 Table of Content IntroductionCopyright, threats and ownership of intellectual property -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors Influence Policy Meta-Data collected and used by the Private sector and Public sector -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors Influence Policy Zero Day Exploits employed for economic or military advantage -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors Influence Policy Vulnerability assessments for Mobile Devices in the BYOD environment -Important Security Issues -Recommended Policy Controls -How/Why Human Factors†¦show more content†¦Ulrich Schwantz (Rideout, 2011). The argument was that Artur83 created an independent file after viewing a photo of the completed product – he did not modify an existing file – and that the complaint was unclear if Dr. Schwantz was trying to say the Penrose triangle, a concept published in 1958, was his intellectual property (Rideout, 2011). Ultimately, Dr. Schwantz dropped the DMCA, but it still serves as a precedence for the debate between original and similarity. If corporations are to crack down on copyright infringements, be it blatantly copying direct design or limiting creativity and inhibiting innovation, then they will need to lobby Congress to change laws. With respect to 3-D printing, however, the current laws are good enough. While the 3-D files are CAD files, categorized as pictorial, graphic, and scultptural works that can be protected by copyright, they are excluded from copyright if the file has an intrinsic utilitarian function other than portraying either appearance or conveying information (Rideout, 2011). While each file can be independently reviewed to assess if an original file is copyrighted, it would be an arduous task that would not be fiscally responsible for a company to pursue every similar design. Additionally, current patent laws are applicable to complete and assembled products; creating replacement parts is currently legal and allowable (Thompson, 2012). If any of this isShow MoreRelatedWhen Cybersecurity Policy I s Discussed The Topics Often1145 Words   |  5 PagesWhen cybersecurity policy is discussed the topics often focus on technology, corporate culture, and security awareness. The success of an organization in defending its most valuable asset, data, depends on the proper implementation of several security practices. Ensuring that the â€Å"human aspect† of cyber security is addressed is vital, for the culture of an organization can greatly impact both the security posture and defense of information networks. This paper addresses the human aspects responsibleRead MoreAdvanced Threat Analytics Use Behavioral Analytics Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesorganizations to consider the predominant role of human factor in cybersecurity issues. This report will aim at demonstrating that the human element represents the top cybersecurity threat for hospitals, and perhaps any organizations. Ultimately the goal is a collaborative effort on designing effective policies to manage cyber threats facing the healthcare industry. Part I: The Human Factor Problem Description Health IT: Example of Intersection of Human Behavior and Cybersecurity Healthcare IT hasRead MoreEssay On Cyberspace Domain725 Words   |  3 PagesThe Impact of the Domain with No Borders on Developing Cyber Security Policy The creation of the Internet allowed humans to become connected in a way that was unimaginable by our ancestors. With the click of a button, we are able to communicate with someone across the world within seconds. However, the Internet, the core of cyberspace, also provides a domain for countries to overcome geographical and physical limitations as well as border security. Many nation-states seeking to exert lateral pressureRead MoreAnalysis Of Cybersecurity Metrics As Well A Governmental Policy Framework Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernmental policy framework. I will discuss some cybersecurity strategies, frameworks, workplace threats caused by modern day technology, and at least one governments strategic prospective as it relates to their methodology of what a cybersecurity policy should be. The employees and organizations that have deeper-level information assurance policy compliance The healthcare industry is more likely to have a deeper-level of compliance when it relates to information assurance policies. The employeesRead MoreSocial Engineering Attacks On Critical Infrastructures1749 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Engineering Attacks on critical infrastructures do not always target the vulnerabilities in the systems themselves. One of the weakest links in security is the human factor. Social engineering targets this, and it has worked very effectively for them. According to Raj Samani and Charles McFarland, social engineering is â€Å"the deliberate application of deceitful techniques designed to manipulate someone into divulging information or performing actions that may result in the release of that information†Read MoreEssay On How To Reduce Cyberch In National Security1527 Words   |  7 Pagesreduce a risk of cyber attacks There are a number of actions recommended to prevent or reduce cyber attack risk. 1. Determine the Company’s Security Chain The company’s entire security chain needs to be determined and evaluated. If even a single link is weak, the company could be vulnerable to attack. 2. Develop a Compliance Work Plan A company should create a written compliance plan to monitor the highest risks for a potential cyber attack. The compliance plan must address cyber attack proceduresRead MoreEssay On Automatic Detection Of Cyber-Recruitment By Violent Extremists1363 Words   |  6 Pagesdetection of cyber-recruitment by violent extremists Introduction The main objective of this research is to present data and analytic methods for automatically identifying the recruitment activities of violent groups within extremist social media websites like face book, twitter, what sup and so on. There is no doubt that in today’s modern era the use of information and computer technology (internet) is rapidly increasing. Due to the unregulated nature of Internet Communication cyber communities becomeRead MoreEvolution of ICT1384 Words   |  6 Pageswarfare at all levels whether virtual or psychological. The integration of civilian and military technologies in recent decades and expansion of virtual battlefield to include human perception threats has increased civilian involvement in conflicts. The nature and scale of future conflicts will change, resulting in security policies to include safe guarding of civilian infrastructure. Cavelty and Brunner thus note that the information infrastructure consisting of computer and communication networks whichRead MoreThe Emergency Management Response Team1581 Words   |  7 Pagestheft, misuse, and unauthorized disclosure. Oncor policy prohibits our employees from disclosing or communicating directly or indirectly of confidential information to a person, firm, or entity that is not authorized to receive such information (puc.texas.gov 2009). This confidential information is not to be us ed for an employee’s personal benefit or any other person, company or entity is prohibited. In the principles for privacy of customer data policy Oncor acknowledges and values its customers’ rightsRead MoreA Documentary By Admiral Vern Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagesdangers†. The US foreign policies and interest in key geographic regions of the world sparks controversies resulting in state funded cyber attacks, cyber espionage and terrorism against the United States and its allied nations. When several attempts to cripple the United States and its allied nations through negotiations failed, enemy states and nefarious groups have shifted their focus to cyber attacks and cyber espionage. According to Gady (2016), â€Å"China continues cyber espionage against the United

We Need a Retirement Plan Free Essays

With the way the economy is today, we need all the money we can get especially when we retire. The topic of my paper is â€Å"We do not need a retirement plan because social security will cover our needs when we retire. This is a topic that I strongly disagree with; Social Security alone will not be enough to cover our needs when we retire. We will write a custom essay sample on We Need a Retirement Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Social Security or SSI is a program financed through general revenues; it is designed to help adults who are blind, the elderly and disabled people who have little or no income. SSI provides cash to meet basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. Whether you can get SSI depends on your income and things you own. SSI benefits are payable to adults who have limited income and resources, meet the living requirements, and are otherwise eligible. If you don’t fall into any of these categories and you have already retired without a retirement plan, you won’t have a source of income to support yourself. The Federal benefit rate for a SSI payment is $674 dollars, as we all know $674. 0 is not nearly enough to live, and that may only be enough to pay your rent. You will still have other living expenses such as food, bills, and personal items, not to mention health care. Although there is Medicaid, and Medicare but not everyone is eligible to receive those benefits. These are a few reasons why Social Security will not be enough to cover our needs when we retire without a retirement plan. With Social Security there is no guarantee that you will qualify to receive payment. SSI is based on your income, money that you receive such as wedges, other SSI benefits, and pensions. The amount of income you can receive each month and still get SSI depends partly on where you live. Some of the resources used in the qualification process are; real estate, bank accounts, stocks and bonds, and cash. You may be able to receive SSI benefits if your resources are worth no more than $2,000. A couple may be eligible to receive SSI benefits if their resources are worth no more than $3,000. Another big issue with retirement is Health Care. Sure Medical insurance is included when you receive Social Security called Medicare and Medicaid, but again you have to qualify for that as well. You may think that Medicaid and Medicare are the same; actually they are two different programs. Medicaid is a state run program that provides hospital and medical coverage for people with low income and little or no resources. Each state has its own rules about who is eligible and what is covered under Medicaid. The program helps with the cost of health care, but it does not over all medical expenses or the cost of most long-term care. Medicare is financed by a portion of the payroll taxes paid by workers and their employers. It also is financed in part by monthly premiums deducted from Social Security checks. Some people qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare is our country’s health insurance program for people age 65 or older. Certain people younger than age 65 can qualify for Medicare, too, including those who have disa bilities and those who have permanent kidney failure or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease). In order to qualify for Medicare before the age of 65 if; you have been entitled to Social Security disability benefits for 24 months; or you receive a disability pension from the railroad retirement board and meet certain conditions; or you worked long enough in a government job where Medicare taxes were paid and you meet the requirements of the Social Security disability program; or you are the child or the widow(er) age 50, or older, including a divorced widow(er), of someone who has worked long enough in a government job where Medicare taxes were paid and you meet the requirement of the Social Security disability program. During my research I was able to interview 3 people; Thomas Burrell a retired veteran who has SSI and retirement, Kathy Burrell retired from the school system that only has retirement, and Thelma Kelly an elderly woman who is retired but only receives SSI. Mr. Burrell is retired from the military in 1991, retired from the United States Postal Service in 2001; he started to receive SSI benefits in 2001. When I interviewed Mr. Burrell, he had a lot to say about SSI and retirement. Even though he is receiving both, he knows that if he only had one benefit he would not be able to maintain his lifestyle. By Mr. Burrell receiving SSI and retirement he is able to provide for his family. As far as health care goes, Mr. Burrell has Medicare. By him receiving retirement he does not qualify for Medicaid which will cover all of your medical needs. You are not making a lot of money with either the SSI benefit or retirement, but with both combined you will be able to survive. T. Burrell (personal communication, April 6, 2011) Kathy Burrell, who has just retired in January of this year, only has a retirement plan and no SSI benefits. Mrs. Burrell retired through the Florida Retirement System (FRS) and the 401K plan, and being employed in Florida you have to wait 4 months after you retire to access your money. You will need to have some kind of income to last until you receive your full retirement. Mrs. Burrell knows that she is not able to survive on retirement alone. If she didn’t have a husband, after she retired she would have to get another form of income to make ends meet. As far as health care goes, If Mrs. Burrell did not have military insurance from her husband; she would not have or be able to afford it. K. Burrell (personal communication, April 6, 2011) Thelma Kelly a resident of Columbia, South Carolina has been retired for the past 15 years. Mrs. Kelly who is a widow has been receiving SSI benefits from her late husband, and because she is eligible. Mrs. Kelly receives $700. 00 a month, says that it is a blessing that she does not have a house payment because she would not be able to afford it. Mrs. Kelly struggles every month to make her $700. 00 a month check last for food, gas, utility bills, and other personal items. T. Kelly (personal communication, April 6, 2011) In conclusion it would be beneficial to have a retirement plan along with Social Security benefits to be able to support yourself. As mentioned earlier there are a lot of stipulations and requirements in order to qualify for Social Security. Social Security alone will not be enough to cover our needs when we retire. How to cite We Need a Retirement Plan, Papers

Miltons multi

Miltons multi-layered poem Lycidas is a literary work with a variety of interpretations and meanings Essay Miltons multi-layered poem Lycidas is a literary work with a variety of interpretations and meanings. One of the many angles from which we can attempt to understand the poem is the meta-poetic level. Meta-poetics is quite a wide range of ideas, which generally can be described as dealing with authorship and the poets relations with the audience and the poem itself, as well the exploration of the process of writing a poem. The meta-poetic, or ars-poetic, tone will concentrate on identifying Miltons emotional and psychological experiences in the process of creation-his intentions, hesitations and hopes-all in the light of the fascinating triangle of poet-poem-audience. The focus will be on the formation and reformation of Miltons psyche in the poem, as a reflection of himself and as a work of art. When reading a work of literature, and a poem in particular, the reader must always bear in mind the poets position and involvement in the text, but we usually use it to reach a deeper insight about the meaning of the poem. On the other hand, the ars-poetic imagination, which will be used in this paper, will try to look at the meaning as created equally by the poet and by the poem itself. In this vision, a poem is the documentation of life, as a reflection of the psyche, a portrait of the author as an artist and a philosopher, and eventually as a human being. This would be a good place to mention that Watterson quotes in his notes Harold Bloom, saying that a poetic text, as I interpret it, is not a gathering of signs on a page, but is a psychic battlefield upon which authentic forces struggle for the only victory worth winning, the divinating triumph over oblivion. The scope of this realm of interpretation is probably too wide, and therefore I will only provide a glimpse at the man behind the poem, touching this rich world of content, mainly through the post-modern psychological theories regarding the poem. The complexity of the poem demands from us a familiarity with some of the more basic, though not less intriguing layers of Lycidas, before we move to the deep levels of interpretations. The poem was written as an elegy lamenting Edward King-a schoolmate of John Milton whose short life ended with a unfortunate drowning. The poet declares in the head-note that besides lamenting his friend, he will also engage in foretelling the fall of the corrupted clergy, which implies a political and ideological critique. This initial statement develops certain expectations in the readers minds-expectations regarding the tone and the themes discussed in the poem. After this head-note, the poem begins with a mourning tone, warning the natural world of his grief and sorrow-I com to pluck your Berries harsh and crude/ and with forced fingers rude 3-4. Only then, with a slight delay over his melancholic mood, the poet invokes the muses to assist him in his mission of creating a poem-begin then, Sisters of the sacred well 15. After securing the support of inspiration, the poet turns to speak of young Lycidas, a symbolic character of nature, poetry and music, and the happy times of delight he shared with the speaker of the poem. The poem then seems to get complicated by involving different speakers, among them the voice of Pheobus and the Pilot of the Galilean lake , who represent two of the thematic realms of the poem-the mythological and the Christian. After a series of accusations and condemnation- anow of such as for their bellies sake/ creep and intrude, and climb into the fold 113, the poem returns to its pastoral mood of peace and quiet, with a note of acceptance and reconciliation with reality-now Lycidas the Shepherds weep no more 181. The poem concludes with a sense of vitality and reinforcement: And now the Sun had stretched out all the hills, And now was dropt into the Western bay; At last he rose, and twitchd his Mantle blew: To morrow to fresh Woods, and Pastures new. 90-193 the optimistic lines above conclude an elaborate poem, which combines the natural, the mythical and the human to convey its messages, and shows the notion of the psycho-dynamic movement from denial to anger to depression to resolution Creaser 144. This conclusion could probably represent the fact that author managed to overcome egos recognition of unattainable or illicit desire-the desire of everlasting honor and fame. According to my reading and understanding of the poem, the content appears to be a reflection of Miltons itself, rather than a detached artifact, thus creating a voice which contains complex dynamics and interaction. A dialogue exists between the poet and his poem, each one reinventing the other in an everlasting cycle of birth and re-birth. The poem is a part of the poet, just as much as the poet is a part of the poem. They are one but also separate, both harmonious and conflicted; a notion somewhat similar to Turners dialectic of presence and absence 34. A poem is subsequently a journey-an awareness of constant movement and dynamics. The first major place to look for such a complicated relationship might be the issue of fame in the poem. The poet, as an individual, is concerned with the death and mortality; like others before him, he uses the eternalizing power of poetry to make his name last forever: Fame is the spur that the clear spirit doth raise That last infirmity of Noble mind to scorn delights, and live laborious dayes; But the fair Guerdon when we hope to find, And think to burst out into sudden blaze, Comes the blind Fury with th abhorred shears, And slits the thin spun life. But not the praiseÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ 69-75 These lines create a sense that the poems focus, or at least its underlying attention is on the poet and his psyche, making it harder to distinguish between the poet and the different speakers in the poem. Poetry can be interpreted in this light as the mortal revenge over death-it is a need to pass something on, to create continuity and to create a monument of oneself. Fame thus becomes not merely a desire for honor and prestige but also the striving to overcome nature. In James Grantham Turners words, this is the instance of authorship emerging from catastrophe. The poem itself remains as a constant reminder that a part of Milton will live forever, or as Douglas Brooks describes it, the poem is offering the power of memory as a definitive gesture against time and death. This possible identification of the immortalizing power of poetry leads us to a somewhat broader and wider concept of authorship. Milton as an author sees himself in a complex light-as a prophet and an artist. As early as in the head-note, the author declares that he by occasion fortels the ruine of our corrupted clergy, making himself not only a poetic master of the aesthetic but also an accomplished political analyst. Throughout the poem, the poet undergoes a mental journey, which is both difficult and fascinating-from the bitter constraint and sad occasion dear 6, via the fact that Lycidas sunk low but mounted high 171 to the Saints that wipe the tears forever from his eyes 181. The poem is a quest to find comfort and a renewal of faith in the power of poetry and in the poets own ability to transcend far above the uncouth Swain 186. When this notion is recognized, it is probable to assume that what we actually find here is that the guilt of an ambitious survivor is both revealed and repressed Watterson 54. The poet turns determined and motivated to achieve his earthly fame, and thus duplicating something of the sublime and heavenly: Fame is no plant that grows on mortal soil, Nor in the glistering foil Set off to th world, nor in broad rumour lies, But lives and spreds aloft by those pure eyes, And perfect witnes of all judging Jove; As he pronounces lastly on each deed, Of so much fame in Heavn expect thy meed. 7-83 Therefore, we can detect the poets ambition to experience life and death to the fullest through the occupation with the deepest aspects of human existence and the most basic surfaces of individual reality. One can argue that John Creaser was right in his assertion that the events of Lycidas are all in the minds eye; but contrary to Creasers view, I would suppose that this is not a lonely poem of fel lowship lost, but an individualistic protest of self-esteem regained. A Deferred American Dream EssayIn a way, Milton replies to the question who would not sing for Lycidas? 10 with the decision that he wouldnt-he would not spend the time immortalizing and praising others while he can do this great service for his own self. This insight of Miltons objectives resembles William Collins Wattersons suggestion that the poem is simultaneously both a repression of envy and an expression of it, which consequently creates an ego both relieved and guilty at the death of a poetic competitor. So could it be said that in the process of writing the poem Milton confirms, or at least reassures his belief in poetrys mightiness, and therefore also his capabilities as an author-a creator of poetry. One can generalize by saying that a poem is an autobiography uncovering the mystery of the poet behind the poem and allowing access into some of the deep corners of his mind and soul, sometimes even corners that he didnt want to take us to. Stephen Booth mentions that great works of art can be seen as saying what they can not want to say. Moreover it gives the reader the paradoxical capacity to comprehend the incomprehensible. The poem is created in a manner where inside and outside collide to create a whole, which we later try to disintegrate and analyze. The outside here is the occasion, while the inside is the individual spirit with all of its complexities. In this meta-poetic perspective I have tried to apply here, meaning is created less through an objective interpretation of ideas and images, and rather through psychological and psychoanalytical observations of the poet as an artist and as a human being. They pose as definitions to each another, and thus create meaning through a mixture of a battle and mutual understanding. When identifying what poetry means for him, Miltons remark Ay me, I fondly dream! 55 can be translated into action in the form of poetic achievements. The poet now attempts to materialize his desire to say everything and nothing at the same time and so to interpose a little ease 150. Mark Womack states clearly that the poet achieved at least partial success since it dared push the limits set by the poetic values and attained dynamism, otherwise known as originality. This success, however, seems to be the result of Miltons stubborn and intentional struggle to outdo even himself Watterson 51. The reading I have tried to apply here, since it is necessarily extra-literary, looks at the human being behind the artifact. This post-modern social sciences perspective is much more interested with undercurrent human forces and less with mere aesthetic and formal criticism. In a certain way it is also the need to bring to life a text which became opaque by the multitude of meanings, in the way of looking for the creator rather than the creation itself . It is both an attempt to find something new to say about a poem so loaded with critical commentary, as much as an attempt to reveal the consistency of the human spirit throughout ages and locations; a certain need to show that human beings are so similar yet so individualistically unique. It is eventually an attempt to create a formula of the predictability of human nature; a formula that determines that nothing is predictable but a lot is possible. On the process of writing in such a mode, one might realize that the poem itself becomes almost irrelevant on the expanse of the poet, yet once again, those two are genuinely and authentically inseparable. This is also the making of Milton a human being with fears and conflicts; no longer the distant genius but a simple man who made himself become great. Moreover, that sort of reflexivity found in the text, definitely might affect the researcher itself, so as to get to an identification with Milton, not as the superior writer who aspires to be the very essence of literary brilliance, but as a fellow human being, motivated by primal urges, universal desires and globally human traits. It even seems fair to say that Milton did not even anticipate such identification with him, just as much as he could not predict other features and characterizations of his mind, part of which can be seen in this text . From our postmodern perspective one can see more of Milton than it seems at first glance. The notion that silence speaks louder than words also has some room here-Milton does not have to say what he thinks loud and clear , since he communicates to the reader through a much deeper level than words and utterances-the language of the human spirit. Moreover, it seems as if literature becomes more and more a tool to apply the theories of psychology and other social science; the implication is broad-not only the fact that now literature is no more the exclusive interest of literary critics, but also the fact that literature might be even more full of meaning than the authors/poets probably knew. This phase of literary history in which it seems that everything was said about a poem as a work of art, brings the vibrant interest in widening the boarders of the critical scope to meta-literary and interdisciplinary interpretations of literature. The implication is that literature at least to some extant, becomes more accessible to the average reader who doesnt have to look for philosophical and transcendent insights in the literary work, but a search for the roots of humanity; the clearest common denominators of people in all times and places. In my opinion, this kind of an evolution brings renewed interest and fascination with texts that otherwise could have been considered archaic and old-fashioned, but now receive again scholarly legitimacy and thus gain further depth and breadth. It could even be said that this kind of renewed fascination rules out the vision of art for arts sake, and help it acquire the status of an aesthetic embodiment of the everlasting attempt to decipher humanity. In accordance with my vision, it is essential to emphasize how deep Miltons unawareness was, regarding what will be made of his creation-he is now analyzed from within and without; the critic serving as his perceptive therapist. A dead man is resurrected-yet another achievement of poetry that Milton wasnt even aware of. If we get back to the terms of the meta-poetics, than it is possible to argue that Milton opened a realm of interaction he might didnt even imagine to exist, between his audience, his text and himself. I would even argue that in through the kaleidoscope of the human psyche, the critic receives a bit firmer authorization to be judgmental, since the way to understanding human complexity is through constant questioning and skepticism; building and rebuilding ones impression of a given situation in a given moment. This is the power the post-modern critic and reader have over Milton-the great awareness of the unawareness. I suggest that it is thus significant to mention that a reading similar to the one I have tried to develop here, is not only meta-poetic, but also meta-critical-following both the process of writing the poem and the process of writing this very essay, and the essence of criticism as a whole. Such a criticism is almost inevitably reflexive and self examining, since it deals with the issue of human psycho-dynamics. The critic is obliged to put himself into the text, to get emotionally and mentally involved in this process of learning and discovery. Through his writing, he unknowingly allowed us to penetrate into the innermost parts of his mind, in the name of science, in the name of art, or of mere curiosity; especially regarding the fact that those three are often intertwined and generate each other. Ultimately, there is no one proper way of reading Lycidas, and poetry in general, and by understanding it, we can begin trying to attach some meaning of our own, according to our terms of reference. At this point we might also develop a similar relationship of dependence and disparity with our texts, and therefore learn a lot about ourselves as writers and readers. Just as Lycidas is a poem that documents a journey-a private Odyssey for Milton, this text also serves as an embodiment of its composer in numerous ways-some premeditated, others unconscious.

3 Patterns to Organize Your Cause and Effect Essay on the Food Movement

3 Patterns to Organize Your Cause and Effect Essay on the Food Movement Cause and effect essays answer the whats and whys of things that happen around us. You can take any topic into consideration and question why something happens and what are its effects on us or our surroundings. Here are a few examples to consider: Reasons of Using Computer Technology (Why we use computers?) Effects of Eating Trans-Fat Foods (How these foods affect our health?) Getting the idea? Here are three ways to organize a cause and effect essay properly. In order to have a good flow and readability in your writing, it is recommended that you structure your essay according to one of the three formats mentioned below: 1. Multiple Causes, One Effect Pattern If you are explaining a situation where one effect is the result of multiple causes, you’ll want to choose this pattern. In this structure, you’ll present your thesis first, then support it with three causes. Remember that each cause will have two unique parts; one where you’ll explain the underlying reason for the cause and the other where you shed light on the effect it had. 2. One Cause, Multiple Effects Pattern If you want to explain multiple effects of one cause (food movement, for example), you want to plan out your essay based on this pattern. You need to clearly state the effect and then describe it in detail. In order to organize your essay this way, make sure that you support the major effects with the minor effects and give some examples to add definition to your writing. 3. Causal Chain or Domino Pattern This pattern is mostly preferred and commonly be used by students. This may be because it generally provides a smoother flow of words than the other methods. Here, you describe a cause and its effect, and lead it further to another cause or event and so on. Be sure to describe everything in detail and don’t forget to add some examples every time you mention a cause and its effect. Writing your food movement essay by implementing one of these three patterns ensures that your writing is readable and details are blended in smoothly. Using transitions in your writing where you want to explain results and are evaluating reasons, is always a good way to go about it. Here is a list of some common transitions: The main reason why So, Since, Because, As, One reason why Consequently, There are other reasons too; in fact, †¦ Remember, you should need to pay attention to a conclusive ending because without that, your well-written analysis can fall flat. To complement your ideas with a spectacular conclusion, restate the thesis, consider the implications and express your feelings and hopes about it for the future. Now your essay is not only informative but interesting to read too.

101 Fall 19 Syllabus Professor Ramos Blog

101 Fall 19 Syllabus Unit 1 – Narrative

Organization Strategies and Structures Assignment

Organization Strategies and Structures - Assignment Example The organization also puts emphasis on meeting long-term objectives in the initial stage. In the following stage, the organization deals with the implementation process where it requires establishing its annual goals, develop policies, encourage employees, and assign resources so that formulated strategies can be executed in an effective and efficient manner. Strategy evaluation is the final stage of the process. At this stage, the managers observe the overall business environment of the organization to manage the strategic process effectively and competitively (David, 2007). Notably, there are five types of corporate strategies that can be used by organizations to achieve long-term objectives which are integration strategies, intensive strategies, diversification strategies, defensive strategies, and Michael Porter’s Five Generic Strategies. Horizontal integration, forward integration and backward integration are at times collectively known as integration strategies. Through this strategic alliance, an organization endeavors to gain control over distributors, suppliers, and its competitors. This stratagem is commonly used by the organization which looks forward to sell a type of product in numerous markets. Two of the major advantages of strategic alliance can be regarded as its assistance to organizations in responding to the economic imperatives and in improving the international competitiveness. On the contrary, a disadvantage of the strategy is often considered as its failure to accomplish the objective and the goal of the organization when it is deficient in capital and human talent to successfully manage and diversify the organization (Scribd, 2012). Intensive strategies deal with the factors such as market penetration, market development, product development and diversification which enable an organization for effective growth and potential augmentation. When the current markets are not saturated with a particular product or service then these st rategies is often used by the businesses or corporations with a purpose to increase their rate of present customer extensively. The advantage with regard to this strategy is that it provides an effectual process for the organization to compete with their competitors. The disadvantage is the fact that these strategies bear out to be competent when organization has the strong management team or else it may turn out to be severely unsuccessful (Scribd, 2012). Diversification strategy refers to that strategy through which organizations introduce their products and/or services in a newly targeted market. Organizations use this strategic alliance to create and develop economies of scope and strive to operate its existing capital and potentiality in other market(s). The advantage with regard to this strategy is that it helps the organizations to expand their economic risk over different markets. On the contrary, a disadvantage possessed by this strategic alliance is that it generates compl exity and intricacy of coordination between dissimilar but allied business wings (Scribd, 2012). The defensive strategies are such concept which includes three factors such as retrenchment, divestiture, and liquidation. The retrenchment mainly guides the organizations when they face obstructions to meet their objectives and goals over time. The strategy of divestiture can

How does stress affect the characters' s in The Descendants by Kaui Essay

How does stress affect the characters' s in The Descendants by Kaui Hart Hemmings in a few ways - Essay Example Causes of stress are not universal to everyone. What stresses one may not stress another (Kopolow 17). Therefore, stress can be defined as responding to body demands that are not specific. The basic way to respond to stress involves three stages, which includes sensitization, resistance, and lastly exhaustion. To apply this it takes self effort to manage stress. This can be done through physical practices to ease your nerves and release pressure through exercise like running. It can also be done by sharing with friends, understanding your limits, taking good care of yourself, setting aside time just to have fun as it is important as doing work, participating in various activities to avoid boredom, assigning tasks to avoid being overworked, accepting correction, and sometimes crying if it is necessary to release your stress (Hemmings 45). The effect of stress have been demonstrated in the novel The Descendants through the various characters in the book. This is clear in the main chara cter of the book, Matt, who is majorly faced by family stress. From the book, it is evident that stress has had adverse effects to most of characters including Matt himself, however, in the end it turns out to transform Matt into a likable character (Kopolow 17). The Descendants is a book that talks of a story in the palace. Matt King a land owner in Hawaii from the royalty of Hawaii. He faces stress from the accident of her wife in a boat race and later on he realizes that her wife, Joanie, has been having extramarital affairs with Brian in the process of providing a chance for friends to bid Joanie goodbye. Joanie had been responsible of the kids and after her demise, Matt is faced with the challenge of handling his children, Alex and Scottie, as a single father. The two daughters are sturbon in their own way, one is a drug addict and the other a sturbon girl that displays unpleasant messages to her friends. Despite all this causes of stress to Matt, he still manages to be dillige nt with his business and career, as well as managing and rebuilding his family. The story starts with stressing events that touch most of the characters. However, towards the end, the story manages to have a happy ending as we see the family of Matt uniting together especially after the death of Joanie, the wife to Matt and the mother to Alex and Scottie. Kaui Hemmings begins the book by introducing Matt king who narrates the entire story. He is in a hospital where his wife, Joanie, lies in a coma. She is described to be once enthusiastic, and ecstasy-seeking is in a coma at the hospital after an accident in a boat race accident. This is one of the causes of stress to Matt as it gives him worry about the health of his wife (Hemmings 45). Matt is also faced from other stresses arising from his family. Another cause of stress to Matt is his discovering that his wife had extra-marital affairs outside their wedlock. He learns that his wife was not faithful to their marriage. This makes him seek to find out the details of the mysterious lover of his wife. He seeks a solution to this family stress by sharing it with his friends as he look for the man he believes his wife loved. He does this to give the lover to his wife a chance to bid farewell to Joanie because Matt believes she will die soon. Matt is also faced with another family stress of dealing with his daughters after Joanie is dead. He poses, â€Å"Once I think I know the pattern with these girls -- fun, intimacy, fight,

Enternal Nutrition support assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Enternal Nutrition support assignment - Essay Example The registered dietitian (RD) has completed a nutrition assessment for Ms. Brown and has determined she will need a total of 2500 kcal daily to meet her nutrient needs. The RD plans to leave recommendations for three tube feeding delivery options in the medical chart for the physician to select from as it hasn’t been determined yet which option Ms. Brown will tolerate the best. 3. If Ms. Brown were to receive intermittent feedings eight times a day, how many milliliters of formula would she need at each feeding? If the formula were packaged in 250-mL cans, how many cans of formula would be required per day? Per feeding? 4/8= 0.5 mililitres Instructions: Visit the website at http://ccn.aacnjournals.org/content/27/4/17.full and read the article titled â€Å"Development of Evidence-Based Guidelines and Critical Care Nurses’ Knowledge of Enteral Feeding.† Answer the questions below based on the

Functions of the Digestive System

Functions of the Digestive System Healthcare Support John Fenton PART A: Identify the parts of the Digestive System on the diagram overleaf(see Diagram 1) Explain the function of each part of the Digestive System identified in the diagram above ? Introduction: The branch of medicine focused on the digestive system is Gastroenterology. The digestive system is a set of organs that work on food and drink to break them down into substances the body can absorb so that our body can grow, repair itself, have energy to live life. The Digestive system also gets rid of the waste that the body cannot use. Some organs have a direct input into the breakdown of food where others have an indirect input in the breakdown. The digestive system is made up of 2 parts the alimentary canal is made up of the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, and large intestines. In addition to the alimentary canal, there are several important Accessory organs that help your body to digest food they are teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Mouth is where food and drink enter the body and it has many parts that aid in breaking up the food. The teeth which there is 32 of them made up of incisors canine and molars which cut and tear the food breaking it into smaller pieces (mechanical digestion) the tongue moisten the food with mucus and the saliva glands secrete saliva to help break it up into a pulp and amylase work on starch to break it down.so as the food leaves the mouth to go down the throat(pharynx) it is formed into a bolus or pulp which makes swallowing easier. At the top of the larynx there is a flap called the epiglottis which prevents food going towards the lungs but instead letting into the esophagus. Esophagus or windpipe is a muscular tube connecting the throat to the stomach this foodpipe forces the food down to the stomach using muscular waves called peristalsis and along with mucus from the esophagus. At the end of the esophagus there is the cardiac sphincter that allows the bolus into the stomach but prevents the food going back up the esophagus. Stomach: It is C shaped bag that hold food until it is ready to go into the small intestine. The stomach release hydrochloric acid which aid digestion but kills bacteria. The stomach mixes and churns the food with the help of the wave like muscles(peristalsis) and enzymes help to chemically break down the food when food leaves the stomach through the pyloric sphincter it is creamy and is called chime. Small Intestine: It is 7 metre long and it is like a coiled hose and is made up of 3 parts the duodenum, jejunum ileum 90% of the digestion both chemical and mechanical takes place here and some absorption into the bloodstream .The liver produces bile and sends it to the gall bladder and then empties the bile into the duodenum and pancreatic juices are also go into the duodenum in order to help in the breakdown of food. There is villa in the walls of the small intestine which makes absorption into the bloodstream possible. Large Intestine: is a long, thick tube about 2 Â ½ inches in diameter and about 5 feet long. It wraps around the small intestine. It has 3 parts ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon. The large intestine receives undigested food from the small intestine and reabsorbs water back into the bloodstream from the faeces. Some undigested carbohydrates cannot be absorbed and form part of the waste that needs to leave the body. There are bacteria in the large intestine which make important substance called vitamin K. Faeces in the large intestine exit the body through the anal canal. The liver is the largest gland in the body it is soft and reddish and brown in colour. It is not considered as a direct part of the digestive system. It produces bile that aids in digestion by breaking down material and help creating waste products that will later need to be eliminated from the body. It destroys harmful bacteria that come from the digestive tract and it stores important vitamins that is in the food The gall bladder is a pear shaped sac attached by the cystic and bile ducts to the liver, stores bile which is made by the liver in a concentrated form until it is needed. the lining has many folds.it secretes the bile when it is needed.it is a thick liquid. The Pancreas is a greyish pink gland organ shaped like a fish it is connected to the duodenum at its tail. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine to complete the chemical digestion. The cells of the pancreas are divided into the islets of Langerhans(which produce insulin glucagon) help regulate the sugars in the blood pancreatic juice help to breakdown food. The juices contain lipose, amylase, trysin. Appendix: Is between the small and large intestine it a thin tube 4inches long, it is not known what its function is but it is suggested that it stores good bacteria. Rectum: Is 12cm long it is always empty except when it receives the contents of the colon(faeces) which it stores until it is excreted from the body through the anus. Anus:This is where the faeces leave the body it contains 2 muscles one involuntarily and the other voluntarily which means faeces can be held inside until the person is ready to excrete. The functions of the digestive system. are now complete they are ingestion, digestion, propulsion, absorption and elimination.(Course Notes (2015) (Tucker, 2012) Outline the composition of Proteins, Fats and Carbohydrates, and explain how each of them are digested and absorbed by the body? Introduction; All the food we eat needs to be broken down by the body in order for the body to be able to use it. Our diet has to be balanced in order that our body received the correct nutrients necessary for it to be maintained and for our bodies to function properly. The food pyramid outlines the components necessary for balanced healthy diet. See diagram below that helps us to understand the foods that contain Proteins Carbohydrates and fats and how they are beneficial to the body. (Course Notes (2015) (Tucker, 2012) Type Source Function Digested by Body Absorbed by the body Proteins eg Beans,fish,Cheese, Chicken, Meat Repair Maintain Body (Building blocks) Source of Energy for body Create some Hormones eg Insulin Stores Moves Molecules Creates Antibodies to prevent infection Important Enzymes The Enzymes Pepsin from Pancreas/Stomach/Small Intestine. As Amino Acids Fats eg Chocolate,milk,Butter, Olive Oil,Nuts. Provides Vitamins A,D,E,K. Insulates the body sustains body Temperature. Turns Fat into Energy Lipase Enzymes breakdown fat in small intestine Fatty Acids Glycerol Carbohydrates eg Potatoes, Cereal,bread Main Source of fuel. Easily used by the body for Energy. Stored in some Organs for use later. Important in Intestine and helps in waste Elimination Pancreatic Amylase works on Carbohydrates in the Duodenum As Monosaccharides PART B: Draw a diagram of a typical cell, and state the function of each of it’s Organelles.(See Diagram 2) Introduction: The cell is the smallest living unit there are 50 trillion cells in the human body that cannot be seen by the naked eye. Cells vary in shape and size and each part in a cell has a job to do which contribute to the function of the cell. A group of similar cells working together form tissue and a number of tissues make up an organ and a number of organs make up an organ system like the digestive system and when these systems work together the result is an individual with all system working together. Below is outlined the main components of an animal cell. Cell Membrane: Regulates and controls transport in(food Oxygen) and out(CO2 Waste) of the cell and also provides a boundary around the cell. Cytoplasm is a gel like material that lies between the cell membrane and the nucleus, contains water and nutrients and protects the cell. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: It has bumpy tissue and produces and moves proteins and hormones around the cell. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: making and distributing molecules depending on the type of cell with a smooth surface. Ribsomes: They are a circle shape and they build protein from amino acids for the cell. Golgi Body: It gathers simple molecules makes them into more complex molecules then packages them into vesicles and then either holds onto the material or sends it out of the cell. Mitochondria: The Powerhouse of the cell as they provide the energy for the cell. The DNA is also found here.it breaks down food and it releases energy to the cell. ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is produced here and it powers the cells processes. Neuclear Membrane: holds substances inside the Nucleus allows material in and out between nucleus and cytoplasm.it is a protection layer for the nucleus. Neuleous:The main parts are DNA,RNA and proteins, the main function is helping in making ribosomes. Nucleus is a fibrous material, it is the control centre of the cell. It contains chromosomes with the DNA and materials leave the nucleus through the pores. Lysosomes: The disposal system of the cell, they breakdown complex proteins into simplier structures.it digests waste material and helps repair damage to the cell. Cilla: Is a hair like structure on the cell membrane moves substances along the surface of the cell and also helps to move the cell.(Course Notes (2015). Classify tissues into the four main groups; epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous, give an example of each ? (Table format will suffice) Introduction: The study of tissue is called histology. Tissues are the collection of cells with a similar structure and function. When the tissues work together they form into an organ. There are 4 types mentioned in table below. (Tucker, 2012) Type: Function: Example: Epithelial Tissue – covers body surfaces lines hollow organs Absorbs/Protects/Secretes/Filters Skin,Lines of organs body cavities ducts in glands,Intestines Connective Tissue – connects all other tissue in the body Gives support Rigidity to the body. Transports Oxygen Co2 in the body. Provide a cushion where bones meet Connecting Supporting other tissues Helps retain heat in the body Protects against disease Stretch Recoil Outer Protection of Organs Bones Cartilage Blood Areolar Adipose Lymphoid Yellow Elastic White Fibrous Muscle Tissue – bound together in bundles made up of water, proteins, fats,mineral salts, glycogen Mechanical digestion Body Movement Moves blood, food and waste through organs of body Smooth-Organ Walls –Involuntarily(not straited) Skeletal –Arms Legs – Voluntarily(striated) Cardiac – Heart Wall – Involuntarily (striated) Nervous Tissue made up of neurons neuralgia Controls transmit the impulses between the body organs via the neurons which are nerve cells Brain,Spinal Cord Nerves Explain the difference between benign and malignant tumours ? Benign Tumours: are not cancerous but are a mass of tissue that grow in an uncontrolled way but they can be removed. They do not spread to any other parts of the body and can be quite painful. Malignant Tumours: they are cancerous and they include cells that grow out of control and they often invade other cells and spread to other parts of the body. When a malignant tumour is removed there is a possibility that cancer will reappear in another part of the body for example a malignant tumour in the pancreas may reappear in the liver.(Course Notes (2015). PART C: Label the urinary system using the diagram overleaf. (See diagram 3) Explain the structure and function of each element of the Urinary System ? (5 marks) Introduction to Urinary System: Theurinary systemhelps get rid of waste product called urea from the body, which is produced when certain foods are broken down. The whole system includes two kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, two sphincter muscles and the urethra. Urine produced by the kidneys travels down the ureters to the bladder, and leaves the body through the urethra. The kidney is bean shaped and 11cm long. 25% of the blood that is in circulation goes through the kidneys there are 2 of them and they are reddish brown in colour it is made up of cortex on the outside and the medulla on the inside. Each kidney has on its surface more than a million twisted tubes called nephrons. The function of the kidneys is to filter out waste and toxins, reabsorb nutrients such as glucose and protein and then excrete waste. It is also responsible for osmoregulation which balances water and salts in the blood., Ureter carries urine from the kidney to the bladder and when there is fluid in them it makes the urine flow towards the bladder like the kidney there are 2 of them one attached to each kidney. The walls are thick and are able to contract they are situated between the kidneys and the bladder. Bladder it is a muscular sac like organ situated between ureter and urethra.it can expand when urine goes into it and then contract when urine leaves it. Its function is to store urine and send a message to the brain when it needs to be emptied. Urethra is a narrow tube longer in men that women its function is to take urine from the body to the outside but also takes semen to outside in men.(Course Notes (2015). Draw the structure of a Nephron and explain how it produces urine Diagram 4 ? (Google Images) There are over 2 million nephrons in the kidneys of an adult. (Tucker, 2012) There are a several structures that make up the nephron. The Glomerulus are tiny capillaries that look like a ball of wool and act as sieve where the blood is filtered. The glomerulus is surrounded by the Bowman’s Capsule. The Bowman’s capsule absorbs the material that is filtered from the glomerulus. As a result of the filtration process useful substances flow into the Tubule and from there they are reabsorbed into the bloodstream.The remaining substances in the tubule and any water that is useful is absorbed into the bloodstream. The material that is leftover is 95% water and cannot be used by the body it is called urine and this needs to be eliminated from the body. The urine moves from the tubule to the ureter. see diagram attached on separate sheet Name and explain three diseases / disorders which affect the urinary system ? Kidney Stones: The medical name for stones in the kidneys is Nephrolithiasis. It occurs when a solid mass of material forms together within the renal pelvis, bladder or ureters, After the Kidney stone has formed it will try to pass out in the urine but because of its size it will not be able to do so and this can cause severe pain in the abdomen or groin. There are several procedures to remove or break them down. Depending on the size will determine the treatment required if they are small your GP can give you medication that will reduce the kidney stone in size and then allow them to be passed out in the urine if they are much larger surgery may be required. This condition happens more frequently in men than in women. Urethritis:Is the swelling of the urethra resulting in a very painful discharge of urine sometimes caused by infection. There is 2 types of urethritis Gonococcal and nonspecific urethritis and this is caused by a big number of bacteria, yeast or chlamydia, it is diagnosed by sending a sample of a discharge from the urethra to the lab. Treatment will depend on the cause and appropriate antibiotics would clear the problem. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial or viral infection of the kidney and it can spread if not treated. People most at risk for pyelonephritis are those who have a bladder infection or a problem in the urinary tract. the possible symptoms are painful urination, groin pain, nausea and fever. In most cases the bacterial infection can be treated by antibiotics, it can be diagnosed in a variety of different ways through analysis of a urine sample and looking for the presence of white blood cells and bacteria, and through Ultrasound. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/pyelonephritis-kidney-infection/Pages/index.aspx#1 Bibliography/References Tucker, L., 2012. An Introductory Guide to Anatomy Physiology. 4th ed. London: EMS Publishing. John FentonPage 1

William Shakespeares The Winters Tale Essay -- William Shakespeare W

William Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale In Shakespeare’s The Winter’s Tale, the playwright introduces his audience to a world blending natural imagery with that of ancient religion. Appearing as nature’s child, Perdita fails to realize her own identity and does not recognize that the flowers she describes mimic her own image. Just as gillyvors are a result of crossbreeding, the shepherdess is essentially one of nature’s bastards since she eventually discovers Porrus has been an adoptive father for her, and Leontes is her biological father. Perdita not only shares her natural image with the goddess Proserpina, but also shares in the goddess’ fate as a lost daughter. Much like Proserpina who represents the springtime, Perdita exemplifies the natural growth and prosperity that accompanies the season. When Antigonus agrees to take up Perdita and leave her to chance, he understands that she is nature’s child since â€Å"Some powerful spirit instruct the kites and ravens / To be thy nurses. Wolves and bears, they say, / Casting their savageness aside, have done / Like offices of pity† (II.iii.185-8). Nature then raises the infant as her own when Perdita takes on natural attributes uncommon among humankind. Before Antigonus abandons the infant Perdita in accordance with Leontes’ orders, he addresses the babe, â€Å"Blossom, speed thee well† (III.iii.45), as though Perdita resembles a flower in full bloom. As Perdita grows older, the shepherdess imparts her â€Å"blossoming† image on others, particularly on the courtiers who greet her in the country. After asking Dorcas to â€Å"Give [her] those flowers there,† she distributes â€Å"rosemary and rue [which] keep / Seeming and savor all the winter long† (IV.iv.73-5). The flowers ... ...u might well enjoy her† (V.i.214-5). Perdita’s beauty surpasses her lowly stature to the point where she is not regarded as a shepherdess to Leontes, but rather as a higher power. Perdita ultimately takes on the natural image of Proserpina as well as her role as a lost daughter. Through the flowers Perdita mentions, she effectively manages to describe not only her own identity, but that of the goddess. Even though Antigones abandons the shepherdess at birth, Perdita’s missing person and questionable identity causes others to also lose the ones they love and opportunities they could have had. Because the loss of Perdita creates significant loss for others, it is as though the maiden has a hand in others’ lives, much like the gods. Thus her indirect intervention, image, and role as a lost daughter all play a key part in her representation of Proserpina.

Tok Can a Machine Know

In today’s day and age, the question â€Å"Can a Machine Know? † is very important and relevant to what we are doing with machines in making them more and more humanlike and capable of human functions. A machine, as defined on Dictionary. com â€Å"is an apparatus consisting of interrelated parts with separate functions, used in the performance of some kind of work. † That seems simple enough, not very complicated at all. But then if you look up â€Å"know†, the definition is very hard to grasp. Dictionary. com defines â€Å"know† as: â€Å"to perceive or understand as fact or truth; to apprehend clearly and with certainty. This doesn’t give much justice to the word and requires you to define other terms such as understand and truth and certainty. It is much easier to use the term as defined according to Plato. His view is regarded to be the â€Å"classical† definition. According to Plato, at least three criteria must be satisfied in order for there to be knowledge; a statement must be justified, true and believed. And so if a machine meets all these requirements then it must in fact know. With machines, the main argument against their capabilty to know is that everything they can do is because humans programmed them to do it. Machines cannot do anything on a whim; they have no imagination or creativity. Creativity is one of the things that makes humans rather special and not just walking computer processors. It enables us to make decisions which are not based simply on algorithms or past history or other data. We can be bold, reckless, brave, and foolish or act in many other emotional ways. This is impossible to program as emotions do not lend themselves to mathematical analysis. Yet emotions are an essential part of knowledge. For example I know whether I am happy today or not and it probably affects what I do today more than the facts I actually know. Computers can never be happy or sad. They cannot love or grieve. They cannot, in other words, be human and know. But the other side of the argument is that humans are just computers which contrary is the exact opposite stated in the above paragraph. We are just many bits and pieces that are all working together to let us live and experience life. In fact humans are classified as biological machines, and if humans can know anything, machines should be able to know. Many consider the only aspect that makes humans and other higher organic creatures different from the commonly defined machine is our ability to express emotions and intuition. These emotions and intuitions come from our mind, which is a system; a system of biochemistry, electricity, some mechanics and maybe a bit of quantum mechanics, but a system nonetheless. If you take any individual part of this system away, none of these parts will understand anything. They're simply exchanging information with different parts according to set rules. This is exactly what a machine does when given instructions and prior facts and figures. As I was researching this topic and looking at both sides of the argument, I admit I was very torn. At first I thought no, there’s no way a machine can know. They don’t have brains and everything they do is programmed beforehand for them by humans. But as I delved more deeply into the question I found that some advanced robots are not quite like that. On Youtube, there are many videos which include Honda’s robot, named ASIMO, that show machines can think very much on they’re own. One video talks about how this robot can actually â€Å"see†, a trait we usually only give to living organisms. Though it has two cameras for eyes, the way it processes the information it views through the cameras is very humanlike, like a child learning their surroundings. A man shows the robot objects that it has already learned to indentify and ASIMO says what they are out loud. But then the man shows it two completely different objects, a toy car and a toy robot, and tells ASIMO what they are. The man then shows the robot the two objects again and asks it what they are. ASIMO dutifully replies what each is correctly. This amazed me because it showed machines could actually learn from experience, just like humans. But that wasn’t all, ASIMO was later told indentify a chair. At first a normal looking wood chair was placed in front of it and the robot nodded. Then a stool was placed in front and ASIMO nodded again, even though the stool looks nothing like a chair. But then it is showed a table and ASIMO shakes his head no. This was very astounding to me because it showed a machine making a judgment. So to actually determine whether or not a computer can know, we must go back to Plato’s description of knowledge and see if a machine fits. The main purpose of most machines is to record vast amounts of data which are all truthful so that fulfills the first criteria easy enough. Then it must be justified which is done by the programmer feeding information to the machine. And last but not least it must believe and because the computer must follow the code it’s given, then it must believe and thus it fits all of Plato’s criteria for knowledge. But this just seemed too easy so I decided to look into the ways of knowing, and if the machine fit all those components, then it definitely knows. Though a machine can use reason to solve problems that no human can, use intuition to figure out if an object is a chair or not, speak in every language known to man, see objects and know what they are, and be able to hear a human and respond, machines still cannot experience emotion and that is the one thing stopping them from knowing. As stated in a previous argument, an essential part to knowing is through emotion and creativity and imagination. Without these things a machine cannot know. Until humans are able to make a machine that has the capacity that the human brain does, a machine will never know like a human. It will understand how to perform certain tasks and learn new things, but it will never be able to create something of its own or experience any type of emotion. In saying this, I do believe that in the near future, with technological advances, there will soon be a machine which can think for itself and have its own ideas and creations. Due to Raymond Kurzweil’s theory of Singularity, humans will create machines that have intelligence which surpasses their own and by that time machines will most definitely know. Because of the human sciences striving to create robots that are humanlike, they will eventually become successful and once the breakthrough is made, then there will be thousands of different machines that can know and our society will have totally changed. But as of right now, a machine cannot know. It can perform very humanlike tasks and talk and walk and speak but there is still the barrier of not being able to imagine or feel which separates humans from machines.Bibliography http://www.sciforums.com/showthread.php?t=53888;page=3

Definition of Precipitation Reaction

Definition of Precipitation Reaction A precipitation reaction is a  type of chemical reaction in which two soluble salts in aqueous solution combine and one of the products is an insoluble salt called a  precipitate. The precipitate may stay in the solution as a suspension, fall out of solution on its own, or can be separated from the liquid using centrifugation, decantation, or filtration. The liquid that remains when a precipitate forms is called the supernate. Whether or not a precipitation reaction will occur when two solutions are mixed may be predicted by consulting a solubility table  or the solubility rules. Alkali metal salts and those containing ammonium cations are soluble. Acetates, perchlorates, and nitrates are soluble. Chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble. Most other salts are insoluble, with exceptions (e.g., calcium, strontium, barium sulfides, sulfates, and hydroxides are soluble). Note that not all ionic compounds react to form precipitates. Also, a precipitate may form under certain conditions, but not others. For example, changes in temperature and pH can affect whether or not a precipitation reaction will occur. Generally, increasing temperature of a solution increases the solubility of the ionic compounds, improving the likelihood of precipitate formation. The concentration of the reactants is also an important factor. Precipitation reactions are usually single replacement reactions or double replacement reactions. In a double replacement reaction, both ionic reactants dissociate in water and their ions bonds with the respective cation or anion from the other reactant (switch partners). In order for a double replacement reaction to be a precipitation reaction, one of the resulting products must be insoluble in aqueous solution. In a single replacement reaction, an ionic compound dissociates and either its cation or anion bonds with another ion in solution to form an insoluble product. Uses of Precipitation Reactions Whether or not mixing two solutions produces a precipitate is a useful indicator of the identity of the ions in an unknown solution. Precipitation reactions are also useful when preparing and isolating a compound. Precipitation Reaction Examples The reaction between silver nitrate and potassium chloride is a precipitation reaction because solid silver chloride is formed as a product.AgNO3(aq) KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) KNO3(aq) The reaction may be recognized as a precipitation because two ionic aqueous solutions (aq) react to yield a solid product (s). Its common to write precipitation reactions in terms of the ions in the solution. This is called a complete ionic equation: Ag  (aq)   NO3−(aq)   K  (aq)   Cl−(aq)  Ã¢â€ â€™ AgCl  (s)   K  (aq)   NO3−(aq) Another way to write a precipitation reaction is as a net ionic equation. In the net ionic equation, the ions that dont participate in the precipitation are omitted. These ions are called spectator ions because they seem to sit back and watch the reaction without taking part  in it. In this example, the net ionic equation is: Ag(aq)   Cl−(aq)  Ã¢â€ â€™ AgCl  (s) Properties of Precipitates Precipitates are crystalline ionic solids. Depending on the species involved in the reaction, they may be colorless or colorful. Colored precipitates most often appear if they involve transition metals, including the rare earth elements.

The 15 Worst Mistakes You Can Make in Your 20s

The 15 Worst Mistakes You Can Make in Your 20s Your 20s are a strange time in your life. It’s a period of transition, adjustment, discovery and lots of cat videos. You might be wrapping up your degree, searching for an entry level job or working your way towards becoming a professional napper. Whatever the case may be, we all know how crucial our 20s can be in terms of developing our foothold in this world. That being said, here are the 15 WORST mistakes you can make in your 20s. You’ll be happy to know, watching funny cat videos is not one of them.  Source [businesinsider]

It's organizational leadership , How to convince and get people's Essay

It's organizational leadership , How to convince and get people's trusts so that they will follow me and my instruction - Essay Example Debatably, proficiency with a prominent vision is one of the most crucial aspects in getting people’s attention. People will give credit to an individual if impressed by the person’s capability to overcome unexpected circumstances. Heathfield (2013) asserts that in order to follow a leader, individuals must be confident with the course which the leader pursues. This ability will assist in consolidating people together into a group with similar objectives, which will result to company success. Needless to say, the subordinates will follow the leader’s instructions entirely. For instance, Steve Job’s leadership qualities allow cultivation of innovation capabilities among his employers, which ensures production of new company products such as computers and cell phones, company progress and customer satisfaction. Additionally, personality is extremely imperative to a leader. This is all about human’s common sense that determines which is right and wrong. Therefore, people can judge whether a person is outstanding or not. In this regard, individuals with a good personality can gather numerous people as their followers. Arguably, the society will love their personalities, follow them and obey their instructions. In essence, â€Å"the leader needs to have an attractive character combined with a pleasing behavior that leaves a lasting impression† (Cheng, 2010). For instance, Mother Teresa is one of the prominent examples of a great leader who expressed outstanding personality of helping impoverished children, people, and society. Until today, everyone still remembers her as a one of the great people in history. She is a leader who made people follow her attitude by doing great things. It’s difficult to attract people to follow what one does. However, if an individual has a prominent vision and expertise, it marks the first step to having followers.

Visual arts, music, drama, and film constitute works of art Essay

Visual arts, music, drama, and film constitute works of art - Essay Example The reality is that art is about expression; not only of the artists, but also of the audience. Every person views the product in light of their own perception and preconceived notions - we still haven't decided at large what the expression on Mona Lisa's face entails. Therefore, the questions stands ever more potently: what does constitute a work of art. Technically speaking, every person using the creative means to express themselves essentially come under the cadre of 'art'. However, whether it is actually another Rembrandt in the making, is a question that only time can tell. Even when small children scribble with crayons on their drawing books, that is one form of art. Yes, it may not be the standard to be placed in a museum, but it is still the mode of expression for that child. Similarly for music - nature is encrypted with melodies and rhymes, all synchronized to give life the color it deserves. Thus even the whistling sound of a cool breeze is a form of art (again something that may not find itself in a collector's catalogue. Performing arts also form a distinctive genre in their own right. Dance and yoga both form a wholesome means of expression for the body. Two people fighting are generally termed as something uncivilized.